Peroneal muscular atrophy, also known as HMSN (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy) or CMT (Charcot-Marie-Tooth-Syndrome), is a neurological disorder that affects both sensory and motor nerves. Approximately 1 in every 1000 people worldwide is affected by this disease. Onset of disease is most often seen in adolescent boys and young adults.
The typical symptoms of peroneal muscular atrophy include muscle weakness, muscle atrophy in the extremities such as hands, arms, legs or feet, weakness of the lower leg muscles, foot deformities, hammertoes, pain in large muscle groups and respiratory muscle weakness.
There are numerous factors that might be responsible for the onset of this disease. They include mutations in genes that produce proteins for the normal functioning of peripheral nerves, family history and age. CMT is diagnosed with a combination of family history and neurological examination to look for the evidence of muscle loss, sensory loss, foot deformities, muscle weakness and reduced tendon reflexes.
The treatment options for peroneal muscular atrophy include pain-killing drugs, physical therapy, occupational therapy, exercise, orthopaedic devices and orthopaedic surgery.
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